Thaum lub morphology ntawm optical brighteners tsis ncaj qha txiav txim siab lawv txoj haujlwm, nws ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev khaws cia, kev ua, kev tawg, thiab kev siv cov teebmeem. Lawv morphology tuaj yeem nkag siab los ntawm ob theem: microscopic molecular configuration thiab macroscopic lub cev morphology. Ob qho tib si koom ua ke cuam tshuam rau lawv cov kev sib raug zoo, kev ua haujlwm, thiab kev ruaj ntseg hauv kev siv.
Nyob rau theem microscopic, optical brightener molecules feem ntau nruj planar los yog quasi-planar qauv, muaj xws li ib tug aromatic conjugated qaum qaum thiab ua hauj lwm substituents. Lub nruam π-electron system tsim los ntawm cov nplhaib uas muaj ntxhiab, ob daim ntawv cog lus, lossis heterocycles nthuav tawm qee qhov kev npaj, uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau ultraviolet lub teeb nqus thiab fluorescence tiam. Lub spatial kev npaj ntawm substituents muab lub molecule ib tug tshwj xeeb peb -dimensional profile; Piv txwv li, sulfonic acid pawg, alkoxy pawg, los yog halogen atoms yuav tsim polar los yog nonpolar cheeb tsam ntawm lub molecule lub periphery. Qhov no molecular morphology txiav txim siab nws txoj kev taw qhia, lub xeev sib sau ua ke, thiab kev sib cuam tshuam nrog substrate molecules hauv cov xov xwm sib txawv, yog li cuam tshuam rau dispersion uniformity thiab optical efficiency.
Nyob rau theem macroscopic, cov khoom lag luam muaj qhov muag pom pom feem ntau yog muab los ntawm cov hmoov hmoov, granules, lossis kua dispersions. Powdered khoom yog feem ntau zoo siv lead ua los yog amorphous hais, thiab lawv cov particle loj tis ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau dissolution los yog dispersion tus nqi: ntau coarse hais yooj yim ua rau agglomeration, txo nws cov uniformity; Cov khoom zoo heev ua rau muaj plua plav thiab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov dej ntws. Cov khoom siv granular feem ntau granulated los yog microencapsulated, ua rau cov duab tsis tu ncua thiab qhov loj me, yooj yim rau kev ntsuas tsis siv neeg thiab kev xa khoom. Hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tas mus li xws li cov yas thiab cov khoom siv hluavtaws, lawv tuaj yeem txo cov plua plav thiab txhim kho kev noj zaub mov kom raug. Cov kua dispersions koom nrog ua ntej - dispersing tus neeg sawv cev whitening nyob rau hauv dej los yog ib tug hnyav-raws li system, uas ua rau ib homogeneous viscous kua uas tau ncaj qha mus twj los yog tshuaj tsuag. Lawv haum rau cov dej-raws li txheej, ntawv pulp, thiab lwm yam txheej txheem uas yuav tsum tau sib tov sai.
Particle zoo tsim kuj feem ntau ua ke nrog kev txhim kho kev ua haujlwm. Piv txwv li, txhawm rau txhim kho kev tsiv teb tsaws chaw, cov tshuaj ntxuav hniav dawb tuaj yeem ua rau saum npoo - hloov kho micropowders lossis coated particles, siv kev hloov kho rau cov duab thiab cov khoom sib txuas kom txo tau lawv cov kev txav mus los hauv cov substrate. Txhawm rau txhim kho lub teeb ruaj khov, cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke tuaj yeem siv tau, muab kev tiv thaiv sab hauv spatial rau whitening agent molecules thaum tswj kev sib cuag zoo nrog rau sab nraud.
Tsis tas li ntawd, cov duab particle kuj cuam tshuam rau kev hnav thiab siv zog ntawm cov khoom siv ua haujlwm. Spherical los yog ze ntawm -sperical particles muaj qis coefficient ntawm kev sib txhuam thaum thauj thiab sib tov, txo cov khoom siv; irregular phaj-zoo li lossis rab koob-zoo li cov muaju, ntawm qhov tod tes, tuaj yeem pom cov teebmeem kev taw qhia thaum lub sijhawm siab - nrawm nplawm lossis extrusion, tsis ncaj qha hloov kho qhov muag.
Zuag qhia tag nrho, cov yam ntxwv ntawm optical brighteners suav nrog ob qho tib si lawv peb -dimensional molecular qauv thiab lub cev morphology, ob qho tib si uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam, kev ua haujlwm yooj yim, thiab kev ua haujlwm kawg. Nrog rau kev nce qib hauv kev npaj thev naus laus zis, kev tswj cov duab tau dhau los ua ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev ua kom zoo dua qub thiab nthuav dav daim ntawv thov scenarios, muab cov kev daws teeb meem zoo dua thiab tswj tau rau ntau yam lag luam.