Hauv kev tsim khoom thiab R & D ntawm cov khoom siv polyvinyl chloride (PVC), kev siv lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom siv ntxiv feem ntau txiav txim siab qhov kev ruaj ntseg ntawm cov khoom ua tau zoo thiab kev lag luam ntawm kev ua haujlwm.Xyoo ntawm kev lag luam xyaum tau pom tias qhov kev sib piv ntawm ib leeg tsis txaus los daws cov teeb meem ntawm cov khoom siv raw khoom sib txawv, cov khoom sib txawv, thiab kev hloov pauv kev ua haujlwm hauv kev tsim khoom tiag tiag. Tsuas yog los ntawm kev sib sau thiab siv cov kev paub dhau los hauv kev tsim qauv, kev tswj cov khoom siv, cov txheej txheem sib xyaw, thiab cov txheej txheem ua tiav tuaj yeem ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig ntawm cov khoom ntxiv kom tiav, ua tiav ob qho kev txhim kho zoo thiab ua haujlwm zoo.
Ib qho kev paub tseem ceeb nyob hauv qhov systematic thiab lub hom phiaj ntawm kev tsim qauv. Cov khoom sib txawv muaj ntau yam kev xav tau rau thermal stability, yooj, lub zog, thiab huab cua tsis kam. Raws li cov kev ntsuas tau hais meej meej, kev xaiv thiab qhov sib piv kev ua kom zoo ntawm cov khoom siv ntxiv yuav tsum tau ua ke nrog cov resin polymerization degree, kev ua haujlwm kub, thiab qhov kawg - siv ib puag ncig. Piv txwv li, lub qhov rooj thiab qhov rais tsis nruj yuav tsum ua kom muaj qhov tseem ceeb ntawm -kev ua tau zoo calcium-zinc lossis organotin tshav kub- txhim kho cov kab ke, ntxiv nrog cov nyiaj tsim nyog ntawm cov khoom siv acrylate, kom ntseeg tau tias cov yas zoo li qub thiab qhov ruaj khov thaum lub sij hawm extrusion. Cov yeeb yaj kiab kho mob yooj yim, ntawm qhov tod tes, yuav tsum muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm qis - toxicity, qis - tsiv teb tsaws ib puag ncig tus phooj ywg plasticizers thiab antioxidants kom ua raws li cov cai tswj kev nyab xeeb. Kev paub dhau los qhia tau hais tias kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev siv cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke thiab cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke feem ntau zoo dua ntawm kev tuav cov kev ua haujlwm nyuaj thiab txo qis kev cuam tshuam ntawm cov khoom sib txawv dua li cov khoom siv ib leeg.
Qhov thib ob, kev tswj xyuas nruj ntawm kev noj cov khoom noj thiab cov txheej txheem sib xyaw yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Hauv kev sib xyaw qhuav, kev noj zaub mov muaj txiaj ntsig cuam tshuam rau cov nyhuv dispersion. Txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws yog thawj zaug ntxiv cov cua sov stabilizers thiab cov roj nplaum sab hauv kom pib tsim cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv ntawm cov khoom siv resin, ua raws li cov lubricants sab nraud, cuam tshuam rau kev hloov pauv, thiab cov yas yas los tiv thaiv kev ua kom tsis muaj zog thiab agglomeration. Qhov kawg ntawm qhov kub thiab lub sij hawm rau siab - sib tov ceev yuav tsum tau teem empirically raws li cov khoom siv fais fab thiab formulation muaj pes tsawg leeg kom tsis txhob muaj overheating hauv zos uas yuav ua rau resin pre-decomposition los yog additive tsis ua hauj lwm. Rau cov kua plasticizers los yog volatile Cheebtsam, stepwise ntxiv los yog pre-dispersed masterbatch tuaj yeem txhim kho qhov sib xws thiab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov plua plav thiab cov pa phem. Kev xyaum qhia tau hais tias qhov sib txawv me me hauv kev sib xyaw ua ke feem ntau nthuav dav hauv cov khoom lag luam kev ntsuas kev ua tau zoo raws li cov khoom siv kho tshuab lossis qhov tsis xws luag.
Qhov thib peb tseem ceeb kev paub yog nyob rau hauv lub dynamic matching thiab kev soj ntsuam ntawm kev ua tsis. Rau extrusion, txhaj tshuaj molding, calendering, thiab lwm yam txheej txheem, lub chim kub profile, ntsia hlau ceev, thiab rov qab siab yuav tsum tau teem raws li cov yaj yam ntxwv ntawm cov xaiv additive system. Piv txwv li, cov txheej txheem siab yaj viscosity yuav tsum tau ua kom tsim nyog ua qhov kub thiab txias, tab sis yuav tsum tsis txhob tshaj qhov kev khiav hauj lwm zoo ntawm cov cua sov stabilizer tiv thaiv scorching; cov khoom muag muag nrog cov ntsiab lus plasticizer siab tuaj yeem ua rau nag lossis daus thaum lub sijhawm siab - nrawm extrusion, uas tuaj yeem txo tau los ntawm kev txo cov ntsia hlau ceev los yog ntxiv cov khoom sib xyaw zoo li qub. Hauv kev tsim khoom tas mus li, tsim kom muaj qhov tseeb- lub sijhawm saib xyuas thiab cov lus tawm tswv yim rau cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb tuaj yeem txheeb xyuas qhov cuam tshuam ntawm batch - rau -batch sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv raw lossis kev hloov pauv ntawm ib puag ncig kub thiab av noo, tso cai rau kev hloov kho kom muaj kev sib luag ntawm cov khoom siv.
Qhov thib plaub qhov kev paub tseem ceeb yog kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv kev tsiv teb tsaws ntxiv, nag lossis daus, thiab teeb meem kev laus. Qee qhov qis-molecular- hnyav plasticizers lossis lubricants tuaj yeem txav mus los ntawm qhov chaw thaum lub sijhawm txias lossis siv sijhawm ntev-, cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo li thiab ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom. Qhov kev pheej hmoo no tuaj yeem txo tau zoo los ntawm kev qhia siab -molecular- hnyav lossis hla- txuas ntxiv rau hauv cov qauv, ua kom zoo dua qhov txias txias, thiab ua raws li kev ntsuas qhov thaiv hauv qab- theem ua tiav. Rau cov khoom siv sab nraum zoov lossis siab siab - qhov kub thiab txias, qhov ntau npaum ntawm lub teeb stabilizers thiab antioxidants yuav tsum tau nce kom tsim nyog, thiab cov kab ke sib xyaw nrog cov huab cua zoo dua yuav tsum raug xaiv los ua kom muaj kev pab cuam lub neej ntev.
Kev paub kuj qhia tau hais tias kev siv cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo soj ntsuam ntawm cov khoom seem ntxiv thiab qib degradation. Yog tias tsim nyog, qhov tsim nyog ntawm cov khoom siv tshiab yuav tsum tau ntxiv los ua kom rov ua tau zoo, zam kev ua haujlwm tsis ruaj khov lossis tsis zoo los ntawm cov khoom lag luam degradation. Tib lub sijhawm, tsim kom muaj kev kaw- lub voj voog tswj kev ua haujlwm zoo los ntawm kev tsim, pub mis, sib xyaw kom tiav cov khoom kuaj xyuas, thiab hloov cov kev paub dhau los rau hauv cov txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm, yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom ntev - cov khoom ruaj khov.
Zuag qhia tag nrho, daim ntawv thov kev paub ntawm PVC additives yog ib qho kev nkag siab zoo thiab siv tau yooj yim ntawm kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov khoom siv, txheej txheem txheej txheem, thiab ntawm - qhov hloov pauv ntawm qhov chaw tau txais los ntawm kev xyaum ua ntev -. Cov kev paub no tsis tsuas yog pab kom tsis txhob muaj kev pheej hmoo zoo, tab sis kuj tseem qhia cov tuam txhab kom ua kom zoo dua cov qauv thiab cov txheej txheem hauv kev hloov pauv kev lag luam thiab kev lag luam ib puag ncig, kom ua tiav qhov sib npaug ntawm kev ua tau zoo, tus nqi thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig cov hom phiaj ntawm PVC cov khoom.